Which of the following is NOT a component of reading fluency?

Reading fluency is defined by a reader's ability to read text smoothly and efficiently, and it is characterized by several key components. Speed refers to how quickly a reader can recognize and read words, while expression involves the reader's ability to convey meaning through their intonation and rhythm when reading aloud. Accuracy is crucial as it highlights how correctly a reader can pronounce and understand words in the text.

Vocabulary knowledge, while essential for overall reading comprehension and skill development, is not a direct component of reading fluency itself. It affects a reader's ability to understand and interpret text, but it does not specifically relate to the mechanical aspects of fluently reading, such as speed, expression, and accuracy. Therefore, identifying vocabulary knowledge as a factor that does not fit within the definition of reading fluency clarifies its distinct role in the broader context of literacy skills.