Which view of reading instruction emphasizes letter-sound associations only?

The Phonics View of reading instruction focuses specifically on the relationship between letters (graphemes) and sounds (phonemes). This approach teaches students how to decode words by understanding the sounds that letters and combinations of letters make. Through phonics instruction, learners gain the skills needed to sound out words, which is foundational for reading fluently and accurately.

In contrast, the Whole Language View promotes a more comprehensive approach, focusing on reading for meaning and comprehension rather than just the mechanical aspects of decoding. Top-down processing emphasizes understanding the overall meaning of a text based on prior knowledge rather than focusing on individual letters and sounds. The Subskills View considers a range of smaller skills necessary for reading but does not limit itself solely to letter-sound associations, integrating various components of literacy. Therefore, the emphasis on letter-sound associations is a hallmark of the Phonics View, making it the correct answer in this context.